J Transcat Intervent.2020;28:eA20190034.

Original Article

Cardiac catheterization with normal coronary arteries: prevalence rate and analysis of predictor variables

Lucas Bonacossa Sant’Anna , Fernando Mendes Sant’Anna , Sérgio Lívio Menezes Couceiro , Maurício de Andrade Pérez

DOI: 10.31160/JOTCI202028A20190034

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ABSTRACT

Objective

To assess the percentage of patients with normal coronary angiography in a hospital and to determine the predictor variables of this finding.

Methods

All elective coronary angiographies performed from April to October 2018 were analyzed, excluding patients with valve diseases and who had a previous catheterization. A total of 503 patients were recruited, divided into 2 groups: Group A for normal coronary arteries, and group B for coronary artery disease. Coronary vessels with diameter ≥2.0mm and with no stenosis ≥40% determined by quantitative coronary angiography were considered normal. After the univariate analysis of the differences between groups, a multivariate analysis was performed by logistic regression, to determine the independent predictors of a normal exam.

Results

The clinical characteristics were as follows: mean age of 62 years; 55% male; hypertension present in 86%; diabetes mellitus in 35%; smoking habit reported by 20.5%; dyslipidemia present in 20.5%; and family history of coronary artery disease in 59%. The prevalence of normal coronary angiography was 45%. In the univariate analysis, there were differences between the two groups in regard to sex, age, symptoms, diabetes mellitus and smoking habit. In the multivariate analysis, female sex (OR=3.22; 95%CI 2.20-4.80; p<0.0001), younger age (OR=0.96; 95%CI 0.94-0.98; p<0.0001), absence of diabetes mellitus (OR=0.46; 95%CI 0.30-0.70; p<0.0001), and no smoking habit (OR=0.33; 95%CI 0.19-0.55; p<0.0001) were predictors of normal coronary angiography.

Conclusion

The prevalence of normal coronary arteries in this study was high. Female sex, younger age, absence of diabetes mellitus, and no smoking habit were independent predictors of this finding.